The patient’s test status will also be

The patient’s test status will also be

Thrombophlebitis, atherosclerosis and its diagnosis•Russian doctor Nowadays, vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, varicose veins, disease, thrombophlebitis, mechanical injury (wound) and other pathologies are widely known. These are vascular malformations, also called abnormal vascular proliferation. They appear in the developmental stage of the embryo in the uterus, about 4-6 weeks. In order to make an accurate diagnosis, the doctor examines the patient, palpates, auscultates, checks the memory, finds out the living conditions and working conditions, and points out the factors that may cause the onset or development of the disease.
Patients with one or another vascular disease may complain of cold legs, imminent fatigue when walking, swelling and pain in the lower limbs at the end of the day, etc. The examination is performed in the vertical and horizontal position of the patient. At the same time, the symmetrical areas of the body and limbs were compared and their configuration was recorded. In addition, the doctor should also pay attention to the patient's skin color, the presence Stanaford of hyperemia and pigmentation areas, the particularity, limitations, prevalence and extended nature of the saphenous vein image. At all points of the palpable blood vessel, probe the pulse on the parallel aorta. Usually, the pulse is measured on the wrists and feet. Pulse checking may make it difficult to swell the limbs.

Palpation of the blood vessels can reveal dilated aneurysms of the arteries. There is a narrow systolic murmur on auscultation. If the gradient of the limbs exceeds 201 mmHg, this also confirms the existence of a stenosis process.

If thrombophlebopathy or occlusive vascular disease is suspected in the limbs, it is very important to determine the status of the peripheral circulation. To this end, a functional test is required.
Lower the patient's pelvis, ask him to straighten his legs, raise him 46°, and maintain this position for 1 minute. Whitening of the sole area is a sign of insufficient peripheral circulation. Generally, the skin should not change its color.

Samuel put down the patient and asked him to stretch his legs, raise him 46°, and bend at the ankle 26 to 31 times. After a period of time, the sole of the shoe turns white indicating that it has nothing to do with the surrounding blood circulation and its severity.

The patient was also asked to stretch the lower extremity in a supine position, raise it by 46°, and then bend the leg at the ankle 26 times. After a certain period of time, white soles and muscle fatigue indicate peripheral blood flow violations, and it allows you to determine its severity and location. Patients with varicose veins in the legs pass-or get tested. This is necessary to analyze the state of the valve device and the patency of the deep vein. During this test, the patient lay down and asked to raise his leg and hold it until the saphenous vein was completely empty. Then apply a medical tourniquet to the upper thigh, and then let the subject stand up. If the varicose veins are full of retrograde after the tourniquet is removed, it indicates that the entrance valve of the great saphenous vein is malfunctioning.
When the doctor palpated the saphenous vein of the leg, the patient was asked to cough. Confirm that there is a slight push in the mouth projection of the palpable vein to confirm the positive of the sample.
Before removing the dilated saphenous vein, use-to perform a test to assess the condition of the deep vein vessels. To perform this test, put the tourniquet on the upper part of the patient's calf and ask him to walk a little. In this case, emptying the superficial veins is a sign of deep vein patency. In order to obtain the most complete information about the state of the blood vessels, an angiography is required. This process is a radiopaque study conducted in the surgical department of hospitals and medical centers. Aortic angiography is a type of angiography. As the name suggests, this study found changes in the aorta and its major branches. During the research process, radiopaque substances are injected into the blood vessels.
Use tomography to study aortic diseases, especially aortic aneurysms. This method is called computed tomography.
In order to assess the condition of the inner walls of blood vessels in various diseases during the operation, angioscopy is used-a study that uses a special device called an endoscope. In the hospital, a more comprehensive study of the state of blood vessels is carried out using instrumented diagnostic methods. The information method for studying vascular diseases is to analyze the segmental pressure of different parts of the aorta and analyze the ankle index, that is, the ratio of the segmental pressure on the foot to the pressure of the artery. The normal value is 1-1.2. In order to study the muscle blood flow of patients with venous diseases of the extremities, radionuclide methods, venous blood pressure measurement and occlusive plethysmography were used. The venous pressure to assess the muscle-venous pump function of the legs is measured at two patient positions: horizontal and vertical when walking. Help patients suffering from vascular disease receive accurate diagnosis of pathology and timely treatment. Germany Coronavirus Testing Nose Swabs